13 January, 2010

CHARLES DICKENS (1812-1870)


Charles Dicken's father was a clerk at the Naval Pay Office and because of this, the family had to move from place to place: Plymouth, London, Chatham. It was a large family and despite hard work, his father couldn't earn enough money. In 1823 he was arrested for debt and Charles had to start working in a factory, labelling bottles for six shillings a week. The economy eventually improved and Charles could go back to school. After leaving school, Charles started to work in a solicitor's office. He learned shorthand and started as a reporter working for the Morning Chronicle in courts of law and the House of Commons.
In 1836 his first success was published, The Pickwick Papers. This was followed by more novels: Oliver Twist (1837), Nicholas Nickleby (1838-39) and Barnaby Rudge (1841). He travelled to America later that year and aroused the hostility of the American press by supporting the abolition movement. In 1858 he divorced from his wife Catherine, who had borne him ten children.
During the 1840s his social criticism became more radical and his comedy more savage: Novels like David Copperfield (1849-50), A Tale of Two Cities (1959), Great Expectations (1860-61) only increased his fame and respect. His last novel, The Mystery of Edwin Drood was never completed and was later published posthumously.




A Christmas Carol.

A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens, a time-honoured classic, follows Ebenezer Scrooge's transformation from a selfish and bitter man to a generous benefactor after he is visited by a series of ghosts.
Scrooge, having gone to sleep, is first visited in his sleep by the Ghost of Christmas Past, a phantom who enkindles in him regret of his former lack of compassion. The Ghost of Christmas Present shows Scrooge Christmas as it would unfold the next day, and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come leads Scrooge through a series of scenes involving an unsympathetic creditor who turns out to be Scrooge himself.
A changed man, Scrooge shares his newfound Christmas spirit, much to the wonder of others, and in the years that follow he honours Christmas with all his heart.


A Tale of Two Cities.
Mr. Jarvis Lorry, an agent for the Franco-British banking house of Tellson & Co., brings young Lucie Manette from London to Paris to find her father. He was imprisoned in the Bastille for 18 years, but is now being kept above the wine shop of Mme. and M. Defarge until he can be taken safely back to England.
Back in England, Lucie becomes engaged to Charles Darnay, the nephew of a murdered French aristocrat much hated by the revolutionaries in France. Lucie and Charles are married and have a child. During the revolution, Charles returns to Paris to save an old family servant imprisoned by the revolutionaries. Charles, however, is seized and brought to trial. Denounced by Defarge, he is condemned for the crimes of his family against the people.
A close friend of the family, Sydney Carton, who strongly resembles Charles and secretly loves Lucie, now acts to save Charles. Through deceit, he gains entrance to the prison and has Charles carried away, while he remains behind, in his place. The Defarges also try to denounce Lucie and Dr. Manette, but they manage to escape. Lucie and Charles return to England, but Sydney Carton dies at the guillotine, choosing to sacrifice his life to secure the safety of his friends.


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